Inflation Protection
*|MC:SUBJECT|*
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Inflation Protection Model Portfolio

Monthly Portfolio Review: February 2025

Publication date: March 3, 2025

Current portfolio holdings

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Executive summary

  • The Inflation Protection portfolio delivered a total return of 1.0% in February, versus a -1.3% total return for the S&P 500 Index.

  • Although the S&P 500 hit an all-time high in February, investors reacted negatively to some high profile earnings reports towards the end of the month.

  • Portfolio performance was led by Wheaton Precious Metals (WPM) as the price of gold nearly reached $3,000 per ounce in February.

  • Costco (COST) and Visa (V) were other top contributors.

  • With cyclical stocks seeing negative momentum late in the month, Vulcan Materials (VMC) was the main portfolio detractor—despite a highly encouraging fourth quarter earnings report and outlook.  

  • Long-term interest rates declined in February, a positive development that should lend valuation support to stocks.

Performance review

The Inflation Protection portfolio generated a total return of 1.0% in February, versus a total return of -1.3% for the S&P 500 Index. On a year to date basis, the portfolio has delivered a total return of 4.0%, versus 1.4% for the S&P 500.


The portfolio’s top performing stocks in February were Wheaton Precious Metals (WPM), which returned 10%; Costco (COST), which returned 7%; and Visa (V), which returned 6%.


The most significant portfolio detractor was Vulcan Materials (VMC), which returned -10%.

Macro worries after a strong start


Although the S&P 500 lost some ground in February, the month started with strong momentum. The S&P 500 in fact reached an all-time high on February 19, at which point the index had delivered a 5% total return year to date.


During the first few weeks of the month, market sentiment was buoyed by generally strong earnings results and a recovery in tech stocks.


Investor confidence in the AI buildout theme was coming back, as the market saw through some of the worst case interpretations of the DeepSeek situation, which we addressed last month.


There was also some relief on interest rates. Yields on 10-year Treasuries peaked in late January around 4.8% and by mid-February were closer to 4.5%.


Sentiment began to shift, however, after Walmart (WMT) reported fourth quarter earnings on February 20. WMT shares, which had substantially outperformed the market over the prior 12 months, slid approximately 10% over the next three trading days.


Given the relevance of WMT as a barometer of U.S. consumer health, this put pressure on the market as a whole.

Total Return (last 6 months) -

S&P 500 and S&P 500 Equal Weighted

The main focus of investors was on WMT’s forward outlook. WMT signaled softer consumer demand and reduced its full year revenue guidance.


Some economic survey data further dampened the market’s mood and reinforced concerns about a potential slowdown. A Producers Manufacturing Index (PMI) survey signaled a decline in service sector activity in February.


As stocks traded down, news coverage continued to focus on the potentially disruptive impact of tariffs. In our view, this subject tends to get amplified by mainstream financial media, which is typically hostile, if not hypercritical, towards Trump’s economic agenda.


The notion of “policy uncertainty” has received a great deal of attention. The basic idea, which is inherently difficult to substantiate, is that Trump’s unpredictability is causing consumers and businesses to behave more cautiously and spend less.


Given many mixed signals, it is unclear whether or not the economy is genuinely facing some kind of growth slowdown, and what role if any Trump’s Presidency is playing in that (as opposed to the cumulative effect of restrictive monetary policy since 2023).


A positive side effect of concerns about economic growth is that it does provide continued relief on the interest rate front. By month end, yields on 10-year Treasuries fell to 4.2%, their lowest level since early December 2024.

10-Year Treasury Yields (last 12 months)

(Source: FactSet)

Tech anxiety


Separate from broad-based macroeconomic concerns, some tech-related news flow weighed on markets as February came to an end.


As we discussed recently, NVIDIA (NVDA) earnings had a mixed reception. As a read-across for other AI-related investments, we were comforted by the strong revenue results, which showed dramatic growth in the data center segment.


But NVDA shares sold off in the days following the earnings report primarily as a result of somewhat dimmer expectations for profit margins. In our view, NVDA’s margins are more of a company-specific valuation issue as opposed to something that has larger implications for the AI landscape.


Despite the post-earnings weakness, it is worth noting that NVDA shares did trade higher over the course of February, as investors became more comfortable that the DeepSeek threat to AI spending was exaggerated.  

It is also worth noting that shares of Tesla (TSLA) weighed heavily on the S&P 500 Index in February.


NVDA (at around 6%) has a substantially larger weight within the index than TSLA (just under 2%). But TSLA, with just under a trillion dollar market cap now, is still a top ten position within the index.


TSLA shares declined some 28% in February. The company’s earnings disappointed, especially its performance in Europe.


Among other concerns, investors are worried that Elon Musk’s involvement with the Trump administration is alienating certain customers, just as other auto manufacturers roll out competing options for electric vehicles.


Crypto volatility


Another tech-related fiasco in February was the hacking of a major cryptocurrency exchange in Dubai. On February 21, a North Korean group called Lazarus conducted the largest crypto hack in history.


The hackers made their move during a routine transfer from cold storage on the Bybit crypto exchange, which is one of the world’s largest (although it is not permitted to operate in the United States). They stole about $1.5 billion worth of Ethereum tokens.


The hack sent crypto assets, including Bitcoin, reeling over the course of February, which directly affected crypto-related stocks.


Coinbase Global (COIN), the world’s largest crypto custodian, fell approximately 16% between the date of the hack and the end of the month. Bitcoin treasury company MicroStrategy (MSTR) fell approximately 21%.


Bitcoin, which was trading just under $100,000 prior to the hack, briefly pierced $80,000 early in the morning on the last day of February. Most smaller cryptos experienced even greater downside in the last week of February.


Given its strategic emphasis on AI and crypto as economic growth drivers, the Trump administration was likely not thrilled to see the severe crypto sell-off—and decided to take some action in response.


On the evening of Friday, February 28, the White House put out a notice for the “first ever White House Crypto Summit,” scheduled for Friday, March 7. President Trump will host and speak at the summit, which will be chaired by AI and Crypto Czar David Sacks.


The Friday night announcement helped stabilize crypto assets over the weekend. Then, on Sunday morning, March 2, Trump issued a Truth Social post expressing support for a U.S. Crypto Reserve. This will involve a wide range of tokens, including several that he named specifically.


Trump’s announcement led to immediate upside (around 10%) in Bitcoin. It produced even greater percentage gains in other crypto assets.


Whatever negative impact the Bybit hack specifically had on the tech sector in February, we would expect to see some reversal as March begins as a result of the White House crypto initiatives.


Sector performance


Technology and Consumer Discretionary ended up being the worst performing sectors in February.


At the start of the month, TSLA represented approximately 20% of the Consumer Discretionary sector. This is a market cap weighted sub-index which includes auto manufacturers.


TSLA’s nearly 30% decline in February accounts for the vast majority of that sector’s overall 7% decline.

Source: FactSet

Defensive sectors, like Consumer Staples, Real Estate and Utilities, performed relatively well in February and benefited from the decline in interest rates.


While tech stocks saw some volatility in February, we remain optimistic about AI and crypto as growth pillars for the U.S. economy. Meanwhile, declining long-term interest rates provide valuation support to the overall market.    

Portfolio highlights

In February, the top performing stocks in the Inflation Protection portfolio were Wheaton Precious Metals (WPM), which returned 10%; Costco (COST), which returned 7%; and Visa (V), which returned 6%.


The most significant portfolio detractor this month was Vulcan Materials (VMC), which declined 10%.

Gold streaming play WPM led performance this month, while portfolio peers Royal Gold (RGLD) and Franco-Nevada (FNV) were each up 5% as well.


After a strong January, the gold price continued to rise in February and almost reached the $3,000 per ounce milestone. Gold set an all-time high closing price in New York of $2,952 on February 24 but drifted down a few points as the month concluded.


Gold advanced 2% in February and has risen 9% on a year to date basis. We provided a deep-dive update on gold in the 76report on February 21, which can be accessed here.


The accumulation of gold by central banks has been the key demand driver in recent years. We expect this trend to continue given Trump’s policy objectives, which may include a weaker dollar to spur domestic industrial activity.


Our gold-related positions within the portfolio offer leverage to a rising gold price.


COST continues to demonstrate superior execution. In early February, the company reported U.S. sales growth for January of 9.2%.


As noted above, shares of retail competitor WMT declined this month. A key point of differentiation between WMT and COST is the customer base. The typical COST customer is more affluent than the typical WMT customer.


COST customers are facing relatively less pressure on household spending in the context of an economic environment in which lower income consumers struggle to keep up with basic expenses, such as food.


At the same time, all consumers are motivated to maximize value in this environment. Through merchandising and logistics sophistication, COST continues to stand out within the retail landscape for its ability to deliver value to customers.


V shares performed well following the company’s first quarter 2025 earnings report at the end of January. V also held a well-received Investor Day in San Francisco on February 20.


“Credit cards” as a class are often described as vulnerable to technological disruption and crypto-related innovation. The most vulnerable players within the credit card ecosystem are, in our view, the banks that charge high fees, rather than payment facilitators like V, which charge relatively low fees.


V is a clear leader in payments innovation and will continue to benefit from the deployment of new technologies, including crypto, on a global scale.


At the Investor Day conference, V laid out a pathway for long-term revenue growth in the 9% to 12% range, supported by enormous and still underpenetrated addressable markets.


Shares of VMC slid towards the end of the month as they participated in a broader sell-off of stocks perceived to have cyclical exposure.


We were encouraged, however, by VMC’s strong fourth quarter earnings report, which came out on February 18. The results prompted a number of analyst target price increases.


VMC management offered reassuring guidance on volumes, with expected growth in the year ahead of 3% to 5%, supported by committed infrastructure spending.


Unit price increases are expected to land in the 5% to 7% range, while inflationary pressures on costs are said to be moderating. Above inflation pricing power remains key to the VMC business model, which benefits from resource scarcity and transportation-related moats.


With a superior footprint across the sunbelt, we see VMC as a long-term beneficiary of construction activity driven by the ongoing industrial renaissance in the U.S.—from manufacturing to energy to AI.

Key metrics

Valuation detail

Performance detail

Company snapshots

Brown-Forman (BF.B)

Costco Wholesale (COST)

Freeport-McMoRan (FCX)

Permian Resources (PR)

TransDigm Group (TDG)

Visa (V)

Vulcan Materials (VMC)

Diamondback Energy (FANG)

Floor & Decor Holdings (FND)

Franco-Nevada (FNV)

Royal Gold (RGLD)

WESCO International (WCC)

Wheaton Precious Metals (WPM)

The 76research Inflation Protection Model Portfolio emphasizes business models that are expected to perform well on a relative basis in periods of elevated inflation. Holdings are typically selected from industries based on supply constrained real assets, including commodity and energy businesses, or companies that otherwise demonstrate superior pricing power. Drawing from an investable universe of expected inflation beneficiaries, specific holdings are chosen based on valuation and general business quality, growth and risk considerations. 

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